史上最成功的10对创业搭档

Not all entrepreneurs need co-founders, but many successful companies -- including Apple, eBay, and Twitter -- were built by multiple leaders with productive relationships.

并非所有的企业家都需要跟人搭档创业，但很多成功的公司 ：包括苹果、eBay和Twitter，都是因为拥有多位富有创造力关系的领导人而发展壮大的。

How did these individuals find their business counterparts? And what made their combined skill-sets a recipe for success?

这些人是如何找到自己的商业伙伴的呢？是什么让他们的组合成了成功的典范？

Not surprisingly, many were long-time friends, classmates, or relatives.  Others, however, did not get along initially. Some still are not amicable, despite their joint achievements.

有些人的成功并不奇怪，他们是多年的好友、同学或亲戚；另外一些人，刚开始相处得并不融洽；还有些人尽管一起取得了成就，但仍然看不惯对方。

There is a common trend: the most well-rounded pairs recognized their individual limitations and respected what the other could bring to a partnership.  Many of these duos have gone on to run some of the most successful businesses of our time.

不过成功的组合都有一个共同趋势：搭档中的个人都能认识到自己的不足，并尊重对方带给合作关系的东西。这其中很多的二人组正在掌管着我们这个时代最为成功的企业。

Larry Page and Sergey Brin

拉里·佩奇和谢尔盖·布林

Company: Google

公司名称：谷歌

Year Founded:1998

成立年份：1998

How their partnership was formed: Larry and Sergey met at Stanford’s PhD program in 1995, but they did not instantly become friends.

关系形成：拉里和谢尔盖首次相遇是在1995年斯坦福大学的博士课程上，但他们并没有立即成为朋友。

During a campus tour for doctoral students, Brin was Page’s guide-- and they bickered the entire time.  Despite their quarrel, the two found themselves working on a research project together.  Their paper, “The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine,” became the basis for Google.

在一次博士生校园参观中，布林是佩奇的向导，整个参观期间他俩争得不可开交。吵架归吵架，双方发现他们参与了同一个研究项目。他们联合写的论文《解剖谷歌搜索原理》成了创立谷歌的基础。

Why their partnership works:  Sergey and Larry have similar technology backgrounds; they fell in love with computers at an early age and had university professors for parents.  They bonded over their passion for data mining and grew to have similar visions for their company.

成功因素：布林和拉里有相似的技术背景，很小的时候就喜欢上了电脑，父母均为大学教授。他们将对数据挖掘的激情捆绑在了一起，并逐步对公司发展有了相似的看法。

Page and Brin made the joint decision to bring Eric Schmidt on board, and to instill a laid-back atmosphere at the Googleplex. They may have been born on opposite sides of the world (Brin from Russia and Page from Michigan), but Sergey and Larry are cut from the same cloth.

佩奇和布林共同决定让埃里克·施密特加入董事会，并渐渐地在谷歌总部营造出一种悠闲的气氛。出生的时候他们是天各一方（布林来自俄罗斯，佩奇来自密歇根），但现在布林和拉里步调一致。

Sources: BusinessWeek, Google Corporate

资料来源：《商业周刊》、谷歌公司

Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak

史蒂夫·乔布斯和史蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克

Image: revolweb via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站revolweb

Company: Apple Inc.

公司名称：苹果公司

Year Founded:1976

成立年份：1976

How their partnership was formed: The two Steves became friends at a summer job in 1970.  Woz was busy building a computer, and Steve Jobs saw the potential to sell it.

关系形成：两个史蒂夫在1970年一次暑期工作中成了朋友。沃兹当时正忙着打造一台计算机，史蒂夫·乔布斯觉得能有机会把它卖出去。

In a 2006 interview with the Seattle Times, Woz explained, "I was just doing something I was very good at, and the thing that I was good at turned out to be the thing that was going to change the world...Steve [Jobs] was much more further-thinking. When I designed good things, sometimes he'd say, "We can sell this." And we did. He was thinking about how you build a company, maybe even then he was thinking, "How do you change the world?"

在2006年接受《西雅图时报》专访时，沃兹解释说：“我只是做我擅长的事，并且这种我擅长的事结果改变了这个世界……史蒂夫·[乔布斯]想得更远。当我设计出一样好东西，有时他会说：‘我们能把它卖掉。’然后我们就把它卖掉了。他总是在想如何建立一家公司，甚至他一直在想：‘如何改变这个世界？’”

Why their partnership works:  A master of analytics, Woz admits that he never once thought to sell his original computer model. That was all Jobs. Woz's technical skills paired with Jobs' business foresight makes the two an ultimate business match. And it is a relationship that has withstood decades, fame and fortune. According to Woz, the two are still friends. They "talk every once in a while, and they have never had a real argument."

成功因素：作为分析学大师，沃兹承认从没想过要出售他最初设计的电脑，这都是乔布斯的想法。沃兹的技术才能加上乔布斯的商业远见，使得双方最终投身于商业竞争中。两人的关系经受了几十年名利和财富的考验。据沃兹的说法，两个还是好朋友。他们“时常还要闲聊一会儿，从来没有真正吵过架。

Source: The Seattle Times

资料来源：《西雅图时报》

Evan Williams and Biz Stone

埃文·威廉姆斯和比兹·斯通

Image: Bioffice via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站Bioffice

Company: Twitter

公司名称：Twitter

Year Founded: 2006

成立年份：2006

How their partnership was formed: Evan Williams had been working at Blogger when it was sold to Google.  Under Google's new reign, Williams hired Stone.

关系形成：埃文·威廉姆斯一直在Blogger工作，直到它被卖给谷歌。在谷歌旗下，威廉姆斯聘请了斯通。

"We started out as rivals but became great friends," Stone explained to AllThingsD. "We really respected each other.  When Evan left [Google for Odeo.com] I was like, 'What?? You're Leaving me?' So I followed him."

斯通对AllThingD解释过：“我们一开始是竞争对手，最后却成了很好的朋友，我们真的非常尊重对方，当埃文离开（谷歌加盟Odeo.com），我的反应是‘什么？？你要离开我吗？’，接着我就跟他走了。”

The pair was approached by Jack Dorsey, an Odeo engineer with an idea. This discussion developed into Twitter.

后来一位Odeo的工程师杰克·多西带着想法找到了这对组合。他们的讨论最后发展成了Twitter。

Why their partnership works:  Having both spent a decade in the blogging business, Stone and Williams are equally knowledgeable about the platform.  Williams realized Twitter's potential and entrusted Biz with the micro-blogging site as a side project.  Mutual respect, camaraderie and ambition have encouraged the two to stick together and achieve business success.

成功因素：双方在博客界都摸爬滚打了10年，斯通和威廉姆斯对这一平台的认知是相同的。威廉姆斯意识到了Twitter的潜力并委托比兹打理当时作为编外计划的微博客网站。相互尊重、友情和雄心都激励着两人紧密合作，并最终取得商业上的成功。

Source: All Things Digital

资料来源：All Things Digital

Bill Gates and Paul Allen

比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦

Image: Ethan Hein via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站伊森·海恩

Company: Microsoft

公司名称：微软

Year Founded: 1975

成立年份：1975

How their partnership was formed: Bill Gates and Paul Allen were childhood friends from Lakeside private school.

关系形成：比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦从童年时代的湖滨私立小学开始就是好朋友。

They shared a love of computers and were hacker partners-in-crime during high school.

他们都很热爱计算机，高中时一起用黑客技术犯罪。

Why their partnership works:  Although it can be dangerous to mix friendship and business, the two pulled it off thanks to a shared obsession with computers and a passion for entrepreneurship.

成功因素：虽然把友情和生意混在一起是件很危险的事情，但共同对计算机的痴迷和对创业的激情避免了这种危险。

Once Gates left for Harvard, Allen followed him to the Boston-area and they began plotting business ideas.  With Allen's encouragement, Gates took the plunge, dropped out of college, and created Microsoft.  Their billion dollar company spun out of a nerdy passion and a life-long friendship.

当年盖茨刚去哈佛，艾伦就跟着他到了波士顿地区，在那里开始策划他们经营理念。在艾伦的鼓励下，盖茨决定冒险尝试，他退了学，创建了微软。对技术的痴迷和伴随一生的友谊成就了资产上亿美元的微软公司。

Source: Wired.com

资料来源：Wired.com

Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard

比尔·休利特和戴维·帕卡德

Image: Cosmican via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站Cosmican

Company: Hewlett-Packard

公司名称：惠普

Year Founded: 1939

成立年份：1939

How their partnership was formed: Bill and Dave were classmates in Stanford's engineering program. Following graduation, Hewlett and Packard went on a two-week camping trip.

关系形成：比尔和戴维是斯坦福大学工学系的同班同学。临近毕业，他们两人还花了两个礼拜去野外露营。

Spending two weeks in the woods with the same person would drive most people insane.  Instead, Hewlett and Packard became close friends.

跟同一个人在森林里待两星期大多数人都会发疯。但相反，休利特和帕卡德成了亲密的朋友。

Shortly after, with the encouragement of Stanford professor Fred Terman, they started HP.

不久后，在斯坦福大学教授弗雷德·特曼的鼓励下，他们创建了惠普。

Why their partnership worked:  Hewlett and Packard were best friends with similar strengths and managements styles; they complimented each other. As managers, Bill and Dave were openly involved in projects.  They created a social, supportive work environment that contradicted the times. It was their innovative work ethic that enabled HP, its employees, and their business partnership to thrive.

成功因素：休利特和帕卡德是非常要好的朋友，有相似的优点和管理风格，他们都赞扬对方。作为管理者，比尔和戴夫都公开参与项目。他们创造的互相帮助、富于支持的工作环境，跟当时的时代风气背道而驰。他们的创新态度促使惠普、惠普雇员和他们俩的合作关系都得到了蓬勃发展。

Sources: HP Corporate, Lemelson-MIT program

资料来源：惠普公司、Lemelson-MIT项目

Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield

本·可汗和杰里·格林菲尔德

Image: David Coolbeth via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站大卫·库贝茨

Company: Ben & Jerry's

公司名称：Ben & Jerry's

Year Founded: 1978

成立年份：1978

How their partnership was formed: Like Gates and Allen, Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield were childhood friends. Born four days apart, they met during high school gym class in 1963. They quickly became inseparable and even double-dated.

关系形成：跟盖茨和艾伦一样，本·可汗和杰里·科恩菲尔德在童年时代就是朋友。他们的出生日期只相差四天，两人1953年在高中的体育课上相识。他们很快就形影不离，甚至一起参加双人约会

Sharing a love of food, the pair took a correspondence course in ice-cream making in 1977.  After mastering the course, the twosome made a $12,000 investment and opened their first ice cream shop, Ben & Jerry's.

出于共同对食物的热爱，两人1977年一起拿到了冰激凌制作的函授课程。掌握该课程后，这两人投资了1.2万美元，开了他们的第一家冰激凌店，名字就叫Ben & Jerry's。

Why their partnership works: Ben and Jerry were able to turn their friendship into a successful business thanks to a joint passion for food and a desire to do more than just profit.

成功因素：本和杰里能够将友谊转化成商业上的成功，得益于共同对食物的激情和不仅仅是赚取利润的渴望。

The pair are adamant about giving back to the community, and this resonates with their customers.  Greenfield has said, "We measured our success not just by how much money we made, but by how much we contributed to the community. It was a two-part bottom line."

两人都坚持回馈社区，此举让客户产生共鸣。格林菲尔德说：“我们衡量自己的成功并不仅是赚了多少钱，还有我们对社区做了多少贡献。两部分缺一不可。”

Sources: Inc.com, Entrepreneur.com, Evancarmichael.com

资料来源：Inc.com、Entrepreneur.com、Evancarmichael.com

Pierre Omidyar and Jeffrey Skoll

皮埃尔·奥米德亚和杰夫·斯克尔

Image: pmo via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站pmo

Company: eBay

公司名称：eBay

Year Founded: 1995

成立年份：1995

How their partnership was formed: Skoll and Omidyar were casual acquaintances when Omidyar built the code for eBay.

关系形成：当时奥米德亚为ebay写代码，两人偶然相识。

Skoll, a recent Stanford MBA graduate, initially scoffed at the auction website.  "First he told me it was a stupid idea," Omidyar wrote for Time International, " and then he agreed to come on board."

最近刚拿到斯坦福大学的MBA学位的斯克尔，当时对拍卖网站嗤之以鼻。奥米德亚在给《时代周刊》国际版写的文章中回忆道：“一开始他告诉我这个想法真愚蠢，后来他才答应一起合作。”

Skoll was the first employee on the payroll and was hired to write Omidyar's business plan.  As eBay began to take off, so did their business relationship.  The pair led the auction site to an IPO just 3 years later.

斯克尔是公司的第一个雇员，奥米德亚聘请他撰写公司的商业计划。随着易趣开始起步，他们的合作关系也蒸蒸日上。三年后eBay就进行了首次公开募股。

Why their partnership works:  Skoll and Omidyar share democratic values which has strengthened their business and their partnership. According to the LA Times, "They didn't talk about customers; they talked about 'the community.'"

成功因素：斯克尔和奥米达都有民主价值观，并以此加强他们的商业和伙伴关系。根据《洛杉矶时报》的说法“他们不谈论客户，他们谈论的‘社区’”。

The two were also charitable. "Shutting the community out of EBay's upcoming IPO—a practical necessity—seemed ungrateful," the LA Times reports. "So they decided that EBay would endow a charitable foundation with pre-IPO stock and share its wealth that way."

两人还热衷慈善。《洛杉矶时报》报道“由于eBay即将首次公开募股，关闭所在社区是实际需要，但似乎有点忘恩负义，“所以他们用上市前（pre-IPO）股份建立了一个慈善基金会，并用这个方法分享他们的财富。”

Loyalty to customers and giving back to the community are values that have made the pair billionaires.

对客户忠诚并回馈社区是两人成为亿万富翁的秘诀。

Sources: Los Angeles Times, Notable Biographies

资料来源：《洛杉矶时报》、名人传记网站

Gordon Moore and Bob Noyce

戈登·摩尔和鲍勃·诺伊斯

Image: Cosmican via Flickr

图片来源：Flickr网站Cosmican

Company: Intel

公司名称：英特尔

Year Founded: 1968

成立年份：1968

How their partnership was formed: Moore and Noyce were rebels.  They were two of the "traitorous eight," a group that left Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory to begin their own rival company.  Shortly after, Moore and Noyce united to create their own business, Intel.

关系形成：摩尔和诺伊斯都曾经桀骜不驯。是“叛将8君子”（世人对离开肖克利半导体实验室，开创公司与老东家竞争的8个人的称呼）中的两位。不久后，摩尔和诺伊斯联合开创了自己的公司：英特尔。

Why their partnership works:  Noyce, co-inventor of the microchip, was the visionary and inspiration for Intel. Moore was avid in technology.  The two talents joined forces to create a laid-back company built on cutting-edge innovation.

成功因素：诺伊斯与别人合作发明了微芯片，他的远见卓识合灵感成就了英特尔公司；穆尔则热衷于技术。这两位天才联手创建了具有前沿创新技术，但风格悠闲的英特尔公司。

Sources: Silicon Valley Historical, Entrepreneur.com

资料来源：硅谷历史、Entrepreneur.com

William Procter and James Gamble

威廉·普罗克特和詹姆斯·甘布尔

Company: Procter and Gamble

公司名称：宝洁公司

Year Founded: 1837

成立年份：1837

How their partnership was formed: Most in-laws can't stand each other. For William Procter and James Gamble, marrying the Noris sisters led to one heck of a business partnership.  Both were entrepreneurs, a candle and soap maker respectively, but had never met. Once they became related, their father-in-law coaxed them into creating a company.

关系形成：大多数姻亲的关系都不好。但是娶了诺里斯姐妹的威廉·普罗克特和詹姆斯·甘布尔却因此成了商业合作伙伴。两人都是企业家：一个是蜡烛制造商，一个是肥皂生产商，但两人之前从未谋面。自从有了姻亲关系后，是公公劝诱他们一起创建了一家公司。

Why their partnership worked:  Family and business values brought them together. Procter and Gamble helped each other create mass quantities of their products which led to a distribution deal with the U.S. army.  From there, the two reaped the benefits of their partnership.

成功因素：家庭和商业价值将他们结合在了一起。普罗科特和甘布尔互相帮助生产出了大量的产品，最终获得了美国军方的订单。从那时起，他们收获了合作的好处。

Source: PG Corporate

资料来源：宝洁公司

Jerry Yang and David Filo

杨致远和大卫·费罗

Company: Yahoo!

公司名称：雅虎

Year Founded: 1995

成立年份：1995

How their partnership was formed: Like Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Yahoo's founders met at Stanford’s PhD program in 1994.

关系形成：如同拉里·佩奇和谢尔·盖布林那样，雅虎的两位创始人是在1994年斯坦福大学博士课程上见面的。

According to Entrepreneur.com, the pair first worked together on a project designing computer chips.  It was as dull as it sounds, so Yang and Filo skipped class to surf the web.  Eventually, they began keeping tabs of their favorite sites. They organized them under topics, and their lists morphed into Yahoo!

据Entrepreneur.com的说法，两人首次合作是联手打造一个计算机芯片设计项目。听起来就很无聊，杨致远和费罗就翘课跑去上网。慢慢地，他们开始收集最喜欢网站的标签，并根据主题组合这些标签，他们做出的名单就是雅虎的雏形。

Why their partnership worked:  A mutual passion for the web united Yang and Filo. They found themselves spending 20 hours a day scouring websites for fun. Eventually Stanford punted them off campus because their "lists" continually crashed the campus' system. It was then that Yang and Filo realized they had a business on their hands, decided to stick together, and received funding from Sequoia Capital.

成功因素：杨致远和费罗对网络都充满着热情。他们发现自己每天要花20小时网上冲浪，只为寻找乐趣。最终，斯坦福把他们挡在校园之外，因为他们的“名单”使学校的系统不断地当机。当时，杨致远和费罗意识到手中的东西是笔大生意，就决定一起合作，并获得了红杉资本的投资。

Yang told Entrepreneur.com, "“Both Dave and I realize that we want to be contributors to Yahoo! The inevitable fact is that we want the company to get to the point where it perhaps doesn’t need us…where it’s on its own. At that point, it will have grown enough for us to say we’re successful.”

杨致远曾告诉Entrepreneur.com：“费罗和我都知道我们要成为雅虎的动力，不可避免的事实是我们都希望公司最后能发展到，可能没有我们也能发展...它就是它自己。到那个时候，它就真正长大了，我们也可以说我们成功了。”

Sources: Entrepreneur.com, Yahoo! Corporate

资料来源：Entrepreneur.com、雅虎公司

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